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Kim, S., Healey, M. K., Goldstein, D., Hasher, L., & Wiprzycka, U. (2008). Age differences in choice satisfaction: A positivity effect in decision making. Psychology and Aging. 2008 Mar Vol 23(1) 33-38.
The authors tested the possibility that older adults show a positivity effect in decision making, by giving younger and older adults the opportunity to choose 1 of 4 products and by examining the participants' satisfaction with their choice. The authors...
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Griskevicius V, Cialdini RB, Goldstein NJ (2008). Applying (and resisting) peer influence. MIT SLOAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW, 49 (2): 84-88.
Scholars of various kinds long have documented the great degree to which people are influenced by similar others. Indeed, the opinions, experiences and behaviors of friends, neighbors and coworkers can provide an invaluable gold mine of persuasive resources...
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Baltes, P.B., & Smith, J. (2008). The fascination of wisdom: Its nature, ontogeny, and function. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 3(1): 56–64.
Wisdom has intrigued both scholars and laypersons since antiquity. On the one hand, its seemingly thereal yet obvious qualities are timeless and universal. On the other hand, these same qualities are evolving and responsive to historical and cultural...
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Elshtain, JB. Sovereignty, God, State and Self 2008. NY: Basic Books
One of America's foremost political theorists explores the connections between our political and ethical convictions, changing forever the way we understand the notion of "sovereignty." Throughout the history of human intellectual endeavor...
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Skilleas, O.M. (2006). Knowledge and imagination in fiction and autobiography. METAPHILOSOPHY. 37(2): 163-180.
Skilleas, O.M. (2006). Knowledge and imagination in fiction and autobiography. METAPHILOSOPHY. 37(2): 163-180. Autobiographies are particularly interesting in the context of moral philosophy because they offer us rare and extended examples of how other...
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Naess, A. (2008). Ecology of Wisdom: Writings by Arne Naess. Counterpoint.
A founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess' has produced articles on environmentalism that have provided unmatched inspiration for ecologists, philosophers, and activists worldwide. This collection amasses a definitive group of Naess'...
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Rowley, J. (2007). The wisdom hierarchy: representations of the DIKW hierarchy. Journal of Information Science. 33(2): 163-180.
This paper revisits the data-information-knowledge- wisdom (DIKW) hierarchy by examining the articulation of the hierarchy in a number of widely read textbooks, and analysing their statements about the nature of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom...
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Deane-Drummond, C. (2007). Plumbing the depths: A recovery of natural law and natural wisdom in the context of debates about evolutionary purpose. Zygon. 42(4): 981-998.
I argue that the theological traditions of natural law and wisdom offer helpful meeting points in discussions about evolutionary "purpose" and contingency in relation to theological purpose, and serve to form the basis for a theology of nature...
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Sterelny, K. (2007). Social intelligence, human intelligence and niche construction. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences. 362(1480): 719-730.
This paper is about the evolution of hominin intelligence. I agree with defenders of the social intelligence hypothesis in thinking that externalist models of hominin intelligence are not plausible: such models cannot explain the unique cognition and...
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Tell, H. (2007). Sages at the games: Intellectual displays and dissemination of wisdom in ancient Greece (The Panhellenic centers). Classical Antiquity. 26(2): 249-276.
This paper explores the role the Panhellenic centers played in facilitating the circulation of wisdom in ancient Greece. It argues that there are substantial thematic overlaps among practitioners of wisdom (sigma omicron phi omicron l), who are typically...
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Sternberg, R.J. (Jan 2007). A systems model of leadership: WICS. American Psychologist. 62(1): 34-42.
This article reviews a systems model of leadership. According to the model, effective leadership is a synthesis of wisdom, creativity, and intelligence (WICS). It is in large part a decision about how to marshal and deploy these resources. One needs creativity...
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Bartone, P.T., Snook, S.A., Forsythe, G.B., et al. (2007). Psychosocial development and leader performance of military officer cadets. Leadership Quarterly. 18(5): 490-504.
Efforts to educate and develop future military officers aim to produce highly competent, ethical and effective leaders to serve the nation. But while there is general agreement about desired outcomes, the underlying developmental processes associated...
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Foti, R.J., & Hauenstein, N.M.A. (March 2007). Pattern and variable approaches in leadership emergence and effectiveness. Jpournal of Applied Psychology. 92(2): 347-355.
This study examined variable and pattern approaches to studying the influence of individual differences on both leadership emergence and leader effectiveness. Emergent leaders were identified and then followed for 9 months of effectiveness data gathering...
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Webster, J.D. (2007). Measuring the character strength of wisdom. International Journal of Aging & Human Development. 65(2): 163-183.
This study examined the psychosocial correlates and psychometric properties of the Self-Assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS) (Webster, 2003 a). Seventy-three men and 98 women ranging in age from 17-92 years (Mean age = 42.77) completed an expanded, 40-item version...
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Weaver, A.H. (2007). Divine wisdom and dolorous mysteries: Habsburg Marian devotion in two motets from Monteverdi's 'Selva Morale et Spirituale' (Claudio Monteverdi). Journal of Musicology. 24(2): 237-271.
Despite recent scholarly interest in Monteverdi's Selva morale et spirituale (1641), many aspects of this large, complex print remain enigmatic, and the intended context for much of the music in the collection has long been a matter of pure conjecture...
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Elshtain, JB Politics and Persons The Journal of Religion, Vol. 86, No. 3. (Jul., 2006), pp. 402-411.
The author discusses the role of politics in human activities. She explores several views on politics. She looks at the political interpretations of notable political thinkers, such as Plato and Aristotle. She traces the historical origins of the denial...
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Gluck, J., & Baltes, P.B. (2006). Using the concept of wisdom to enhance the expression of wisdom knowledge: Not the philosopher’s dream but differential effects of developmental preparedness. Psychology and Aging. 21(4): 679-690.
In this study, the authors explored whether wisdom-related performance could be enhanced by an instruction referring to the abstract concept of wisdom ("try to give a wise response"). The authors used three levels of activation of the concept...
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van Schaik, C.P., van Noordwijk, M.A., & Wich, S.A. (2006). Innovation in wild Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii). Behaviour. 143(7): 839-876.
In most studies to date, innovations were studied if their origination was witnessed or if they arose in response to a pronounced environmental change, making it difficult to generalize. In this study, we use an operational definition developed by Ramsey...
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Weaver, A.H. (2006). Music in the service of counter-reformation politics: The immaculate conception at the Habsburg court of Ferdinand III (1637-1657). Music & Letters. 87(3): 361-378.
During the tumultuous final decade of the Thirty Years War, the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III used music as an important tool to further his religious and political agendas. Using the political ramifications of the emperor's public devotion to...
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Robson, A.J. & Kaplan, H.S. (2006). Viewpoint: The economics of hunter-gatherer societies and the evolution of human characteristics. Canadian Journal of Economics-Revue. 39(2): 375-398.
We argue for attention to the evolutionary origins of economic behavior. Going beyond this, we argue that the economy of hunting and gathering was the context in which evolution shaped human characteristics that underlie modern economic behavior. We first...
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Deane-Drummond, C. (2006). Wonder and Wisdom: Conversations in Science, Spirituality and Theology. John Templeton Foundation Press.
Contemporary debate suggests that religious belief defies 21st century science and knowledge. Yet in her new and thought-provoking book, Celia Deane-Drummond explores the twin themes of wonder and wisdom and examines their importance in tracing a spirituality...
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Perry, S.E. (2006). What cultural primatology can tell anthropologists about the evolution of culture. Annual Review of Anthropology. Vol. 35: 171-190.
This review traces the development of the field of cultural primatology from its origins in Japan in the 1950s to the present. The field has experienced a number of theoretical and methodological influences from diverse fields, including comparative experimental...
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Fowers, B. J. (2005). Virtue and Psychology: Pursuing Excellence in Ordinary Practices. Washington, DC: APA Press.
Virtue and Psychology: Pursuing Excellence in Ordinary Practices issues a clarion call for psychologists and other mental health professionals to recognize the reality of virtue in social interaction. Virtues are character strengths such as generosity...
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Gluck, J., Bluck, S., Baron, J., et al. (2005). The wisdom experience: Autobiographical narratives across adulthood. International Journal of Behavioral Development. 29(3): 197-208.
This research uses an autobiographical approach to examine the relation of age to several aspects of wisdom. In Study 1 (N = 86), adolescents', young adults', and older adults' wisdom narratives were content-coded for the types of life situations...
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Wolff, C. (2005). Images of Bach in the perspective of basic research and interpretative scholarship. Journal of Musicology. 22(4): 503-520.
Beginning with remarks on the complementary functions of basic research and interpretive scholarship, the first part of the essay focuses on varying concepts, of Bach images, discusses authentic and unauthentic Bach portraits as well as images of the...
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Sternberg, RJ. (Sept 2005). WICS: A model of positive educational leadership comprising wisdom, intelligence, and creativity synthesized. Educational Psychology Review. 17(3): 191-262.
Who are the people who become positive educational leaders? This essay presents WICS as a model of positive educational leadership. WICS stands for wisdom , intelligence, creativity, synthesized. Each of these elements is asserted to constitute one of...
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Surowiecki, J. (2008). The Wisdom of Crowds. New York, NY: Doubleday Random House, Inc.
"No one in this world, so far as I know, has ever lost money by underestimating the intelligence of the great masses of the plain people." -H. L. Mencken H. L. Mencken was wrong. In this endlessly fascinating book, New Yorker columnist James...
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Sternberg, RJ. (Sept 2004). Why smart people can be so foolish. European Psychologist. 9(3): 145-150.
Not only stupid people act foolishly: Smart people can act foolishly by virtue of their thinking they are too smart to do so. Such people tend to act foolishly through the commission of one or more of five cognitive fallacies: (1) unrealistic optimism...
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Ardelt, M. (2004). Wisdom as expert knowledge system: A critical review of a contemporary operationalization of an ancient concept. Human Development. 47(5): 257-285.
Paul B. Baltes and his colleagues, who are among the most prominent contemporary wisdom researchers, define wisdom as 'expert knowledge in the domain fundamental pragmatics of life.' By contrast, this article argues that the definition, operationalization...
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Randall, W.L. & Kenyon, G.M. (2004). Time, story, and wisdom: Emerging themes in narrative gerontology. Canadian Journal on Aging. 23(4): 333-346.
Narrative approaches in the field of aging are receiving increasing attention by theorists and practitioners alike. This article draws on recent thinking in narrative gerontology to look at three aspects of aging on which a narrative perspective can shed...
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Bluck, S., & Gluck, J. (2004). Making things better and learning a lesson: Experiencing wisdom across the lifespan. Journal of Personality. 72(3): 543-572.
Autobiographical memory narratives concerning times in which individuals said, thought, or did something wise were collected from adolescents and young and old adults. This "wisdom of experience" procedure is shown to be a valid means of studying...
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Baltes, P.B. & Kunzmann, U. (2004). The two faces of wisdom: Wisdom as a general theory of knowledge and judgment about excellence in mind and virtue vs. wisdom as everyday realization in people and products. Human Development. 47(5): 290-299.
There are several legitimate ways of conceptualizing and studying wisdom . One is largely informed by Western philosophy and treats wisdom as an analytic theory of expert knowledge, judgment, and advice about difficult and uncertain matters of life. Another...
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Staudinger, U.M. & Pasupathi, M. (2003). Correlates of wisdom-related performance in adolescence and adulthood: Age-related differences in “paths” toward desirable development. Journal of Research on Adolescence. 13(3): 239-268.
Across time and cultures, wisdom has been nominated as the ideal endpoint of development. Evidence suggests that the beginnings of wisdom are observed in adolescence. But are the correlates of wisdom -related performance in adolescence different from...
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Kunzmann, U. & Baltes, P.B. (2003). Wisdom-related knowledge: Affective, motivational, and interpersonal correlates. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 29(9): 1104-1119.
This study investigated the connection between wisdom as a body of expert knowledge about the meaning and conduct of life and indicators of affective, motivational, and interpersonal functioning. Structural equation analyses showed that individuals higher...
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Reinecke, H.P. (2003). The "culture of swing" as a "double-bottom" of youthful feeling of life under the Nazi dictatorship. International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music. 34(1): 3-15.
How was it possible during the Nazi dictatorship for a self-confident individual to avoid the cultural "Gleichschaltung" without turning completely towards one's own inside? Based on some reflections, certain psychological backgrounds will...
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Ardelt, M. (May 2003). Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on Aging. 25(3): 275-324.
Although wisdom is thought to be a strong predictor for many attributes of aging well, the concept of wisdom still lacks a comprehensive, directly testable scale. Quantitative and qualitative interviews with a.sample of 180 older adults (age 52-plus)...
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Hedlund, J., Forsythe, G.B., Horvath, J.A., et al. (2003). Identifying and assessing tacit knowledge: Understanding the practical intelligence of military leaders. Leadership Quarterly. 14(2): 117-140.
Tacit knowledge (TK) is knowledge drawn from everyday experience that helps individuals to solve real-world, practical problems. This study applied a method for identifying and assessing TK to the domain of military leadership in order to understand why...
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Okrah, K.A. (2003). Nyansapo (The Wisdom Knot): Toward an African Philosophy of Education. Routledge.
This study examines the issues of indigenous philosophies, which are embedded in different aspects of socialization process among the Akan of Ghana. The research explores the possibility of forging a new future that builds on the positive aspects of their...
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Fowers, B. J. (2003). Reason and human finitude: In praise of practical wisdom. American Behavioral Scientist, 47, 415-426.
Phronesis, or practical wisdom, is central to virtue ethics because choosing the best course of action cannot be reduced to an algorithm. Phronesis is the capacity to make wise decisions regarding which virtues are called for in particular circumstances...
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Reader, S.M. (2003). Innovation and social learning: individual variation and brain evolution. Animal Biology. 53(2): 147-158.
This paper reviews behavioural, neurological and cognitive correlates of innovation at the individual, population and species level, focusing on birds and primates. Innovation, new or modified learned behaviour not previously found in the population,...